The **India Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB)** is a specialized agency under the Ministry of Civil Aviation, established on July 30, 2012, to conduct independent investigations into aircraft accidents and serious incidents within Indian airspace or involving Indian-registered aircraft[2]. It was created to separate investigative functions from regulatory roles previously held by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), removing conflicts of interest and aligning with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards[1][2]. The AAIB's core responsibilities include collecting and analyzing evidence such as black box data and witness statements to determine the causes of accidents without assigning blame. It aims to enhance aviation safety by issuing safety recommendations to airlines, manufacturers, and airports, helping to prevent future incidents[1]. These recommendations lead to improved pilot training, updated safety protocols, and aircraft design modifications[1]. The bureau publishes its final investigation reports publicly, facilitating transparency and global aviation safety collaboration[1]. The bureau operates under the Aircraft (Investigation of Accidents and Incidents) Rules, which were updated in 2017 and 2021 to strengthen investigative powers, granting AAIB unrestricted access to evidence from any agency without prior consents[2]. Currently, AAIB is handling approximately 25 investigations, including high-profile cases like the Air India crash that claimed 260 lives in June 2025[3]. Beyond investigations, AAIB is actively involved in building aviation safety infrastructure and human capital in India. It supports the establishment of a national aviation safety centre to train investigators and aviation professionals, aiming to meet global best practices. Additionally, AAIB offers collaboration in defect investigations for other countries by leveraging India's advanced aerospace and material testing labs[3]. Notably, the AAIB's independence and technical expertise make it a critical pillar in India's efforts to enhance aviation safety and foster international cooperation in accident investigations[1][3]. Its work supports the aviation industry's growth with a focus on safety, transparency, and continuous improvement.